What can you do? If the cost to clean or repair the damage Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. However, if the unit is filthy, the landlord could charge up to $400. Most leases have move out provisions which lay out your responsibilities upon moving out. This action, allowed by security deposit laws, is generally called a Wrongful Withholding of Security Deposit or a Wrongful Retention of Security Deposit lawsuit. Apply on everything from mould and mildew to stains. BUT, just because landlords bill renters to clean the property, is it right? To clarify this point, here are some examples of things that landlords could deduct from a security deposit, meaning that the damage went beyond normal wear-and-tear: Here is a list of things that are generally considered to be normal wear-and-tear which cannot, according tosecurity deposit laws, be deducted from a security deposit: Imagine you have moved out of your old apartment or rental house and are settling into your new place when part of your old security deposit shows up with no explanation for the deductions. They may be cool about it and let you do this. Cleaned to a high domestic standard Can a Landlord Collect Rent from Two Tenants? And if so how much can a landlord charge for cleaning? If it doesnt then you are within your rights to clean it yourself. Any personal data that you have provided will, where it is relevant to any part of Our business that is being transferred, be transferred along with that part and the new owner or newly controlling party will, under the terms of this Privacy Policy, be permitted to use that data only for the same purposes for which it was originally collected by Us. 11. Have you been charged by your landlord for having a dirty oven and had money take out of your security deposit? First and foremost, a dirty oven can be a fire hazard. it will appear slightly lived in by the time they move out. Depending on the age of the appliance or carpet, the landlord must pro-rate the cost against the average life of the. Where any of your data is required for such a purpose, We will take all reasonable steps to ensure that your data will be handled safely, securely, and in accordance with your rights, Our obligations, and the obligations of the third party under the law. Whether or not a landlord can make you pay for professional cleaning comes down to the terms and conditions set out in the lease. It is not legal advice. As a landlord or property manager, you can and should require a tenant to buy and maintain renters insurance in the lease . Cleaning sinks, faucets, mirrors, and toilets, Appliance cleaning including refrigerator and oven, Carpet cleaning and repairs beyond normal wear and tear, Chimney sweeping, basement and attic cleanup if these spaces were used by the tenant, Swimming pool and spa cleaning and treatment, Pressure washing the exterior of the house, garage floors, driveway, and sidewalks to remove grease or other stains left by the tenant, Gutter cleaning to remove debris from downspouts if the tenant was responsible for landscaping, Air filter and duct cleaning to remove dust and allergen build-ups from a dirty tenant, Backyard and any storage units should be checked for trash left behind by the tenant. Many landlords require that their tenants keep the oven clean. For example, if a tenants pet damages a five-year-old carpet beyond repair, and its life expectancy is ten years, then the landlord can only charge the tenant half the cost to replace the carpet. You may restrict Our use of Cookies. For example, Florida's statutes clearly delineate exactly what a landlord can potentially deduct from a security deposit, and it requires 30-day notice to the tenant. Here are some examples of damages the landlord can charge you for: broken windows, holes in the wall, leaving trash or other items that must be thrown away, leaving the unit so dirty that it is unhealthy or unsafe. Our Site is owned and operated by Property118 Ltd, a limited company registered in England under company number 10295964, whose registered address is 1st Floor, Woburn House, 84 St Benedicts Street, Norwich, NR2 4AB. Reply to the comment left by " " at "16/04/2013 - 12:30": So if the Landlord gets an oven cleaning company in to do it, who pays ? Before doing this, be sure to check with your property manager and review the local and state landlord-tenant laws to learn what you can and can not deduct from the security deposit. We also provide fair adjudication for disputes that arise over the tenancy deposits that we protect. The email address cannot be subscribed. This action, allowed by security deposit laws, is generally called a Wrongful Withholding of Security Deposit or a Wrongful Retention of Security Deposit lawsuit. They strip the whole thing down and the cost is between 45-65. Below you can see an image of a real lease with such a clause. This article has been written in response to a tenants query: Can my landlord charge me for cleaning the oven? This, in turn, enables Us to improve Our Site and the products. Your consent will not be sought to place these Cookies, but it is still important that you are aware of them. A professional deep cleaning typically costs a flat rate of between $200 and $400 for homes up to 2,400 square feet. Bill requests that Larry walk through the apartment with him to point out anything that would be deducted from the security deposit. AND why is that? However, landlords cannot charge the full price against the deposit. Over cleaning doesn't have to be an issue at all. This is a contentious issue since the beginning of time! We may, from time to time, expand or reduce Our business and this may involve the sale and/or the transfer of control of all or part of Our business. There's no set amount that a landlord can charge for oven cleaning. Trash removal- $10 per bag. Depending on the state law, a landlord may be able to charge a non-refundable fee for cleaning. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. The information contained in this post is for informational purposes only. You may want to get two or three estimates from different contractors for repairs that require you to hire someone else to do the work. Generally speaking, returning the security deposit to the tenant can be a better business practice for a rental property owner. If youre concerned about tenants damaging your property beyond normal wear and tear, you can screen all potential tenants criminal and credit history and request references from past landlords with Apartments.com. The fumes break up baked on food and oil food like you wouldnt believe. A clogged toilet is a common occurrence in households. The tenant argued with me that it was not them. However, to use all features and functions available on Our Site you may be required to submit or allow for the collection of certain data. We may share your data with other partner companies in for the purpose of supplying products or services you have requested. What colour is it? Who Is Responsible for Clogged Toilet Landlord or Tenant? If the unit is not as described, it is the landlord's responsibility to make . Does the lease state what will happen if you dont keep it clean enough? Unfortunately, this blog doesnt have a happy ending; if the oven is not cleaned then the landlord can charge you. Empower yourself with the knowledge and resources you need to succeed in real estate. If you forget something in the inspection, work with your tenant on an agreement before it escalates. You should seek the advice of a qualified legal professional before making any decisions relating to the topics covered by this article. For landlords and tenants alike the lesson is to document everything! ", Washington State Legislature. Our Data Protection Officer is Neil Patterson, and can be contacted by email at npatterson@property118.com, by telephone on 01603 489118, or by post at 1st Floor, Woburn House, 84 St Benedicts Street, Norwich, NR2 4AB. In many jurisdictions, if a landlord does not timely return all of your security deposit, or returns a portion of the security deposit without a written explanation of everything that was deducted for, you may be able to sue. In this case, its up to the landlord to decide if they want to charge for cleaning the oven or not. Can a Landlord Tell You how Clean to Keep Your House? If you know that you did not clean the oven prior to leaving, then you should speak to the landlord if you want to discuss the cleaning fee, however if the oven was less clean than it was when you moved into the property, you are liable for this cost. It is recommended that you keep your internet browser and operating system up-to-date and that you consult the help and guidance provided by the developer of your internet browser and manufacturer of your computer or device if you are unsure about adjusting your privacy settings. What to Do]. Its best to avoid using it if possible. Pin-sized holes and scuffs usually are considered normal wear and tear. However, The landlord can claim the costs against your bond if you fail to clean the property appropriately. Thats right, we will buy your rental unit 100% as-is. As you are already aware, new tenants kick up a fuss over very quickly when the property has an unclean oven. The judge absolutely agreed with me and the tenant was ordered to pay for the cleaning. You can certainly do that, but understand that this will probably cost you. Sell Your House Fast, AS-IS, No Cost to You! We also took photos of how clean the ducts were. by For more details on security see section 7, below. We bought I like that anyway. ", Landlord Best Practices for Utility Bills, Ask TDS: "What do I do if my deposit isn't protected? Can a landlord charge for carpet cleaning? Most commonly tenants are charged for cleaning when they move out. By giving your consent to the placing of Cookies you are enabling Us to provide the best possible experience and service to you. You could limit yourself to collecting the amount cited on the list, even if the repair turns out to be more extensive. While we have all just seen a cat in our minds eye, some cats will be small, medium, large. Its a growing trend and many people are doign it right now. We have the tools you need to find the right tenant for your rental. What Can a Landlord Deduct From a Security Deposit for Cleaning and Repairs? Most states have deadlines by which a landlord must return a security deposit less any charges for damages. As we just discussed, you dont know how much your landlord will deduct from your deposit. Partly cleaned This can be done very simply with your cell phone camera. prevent) the processing of your personal data; The right to data portability (obtaining a copy of your personal data to re-use with another service or organisation); The right to object to Us using your personal data for particular purposes; and. Sometimes a security deposit is called a "damage deposit," and is generally some amount of money that the landlord is able to hold on to if a rental property needs any cleaning or repairs, in order to return the property to the condition it was in when the renter first moved in. Most states, such as Washington, don't impose a specific limit for how much a landlord can legally deduct from a security deposit for damages. No matter how clean you leave the place, the landlord keeps the fee. Now your lease may be different, so it definitely pays to read it carefully. If the tenant had pets, were the terms and conditions of the pet addendum adhered to, and is there excess cleaning required because the tenant had a pet? Ask TDS: "When should my landlord return my deposit? If the tenant doesnt clean the oven and your lease agreement states that youre responsible for doing so, the landlord might charge the tenant a cleaning fee. Regarding normal wear and tear, the landlord is most likely responsible for returning the apartment to its original condition. However, anything damaged beyond repair is considered Tenancy Deposit Scheme Since 2007, landlords and agents have been required to place the deposit you pay into a government-backed Tenancy Deposit Scheme. Most often the cleaning charges are deducted from the security deposit when the tenant moves out. Jeff has over 25 years of experience in all segments of the real estate industry including investing, brokerage, residential, commercial, and property management. Here is a list of key phrases I use when describing the cleanliness of an oven from best to worst: Note: these rights exist regardless of a rental . A landlord may generally enter the apartment at reasonable times and upon reasonable notice for these reasons: To show the apartment to prospective tenants, purchasers, lenders or their agents. Some landlords charge a fee for cleaning the oven, while others include it in the rent. 5 Basics of Rental Property Security Deposits, How To Calculate Rental Vacancy and Credit Loss in Real Estate, Sections in Commercial Real Estate Lease Documents, 83.49 Deposit Money or Advance Rent; Duty of Landlord and Tenant, RCW59.18.260: Moneys Paid as Deposit or Security for Performance by TenantWritten Rental Agreement To Specify Terms and Conditions for Retention by LandlordWritten Checklist Required, Find Out What Landlords Can Use Security Deposits For, Security Deposit Law N.J.S.A. If food is left to rot in the oven, it will start to smell. In between tenants, the carpet should be professionally cleaned to help extend the useful life of the carpeting. Normal wear and tear can be difficult to define, and this landlord-tenant law varies by state and refers to the overall decline of an apartment from daily tenant use. The terms of the lease protect you, the renter, from legitimate inspections, versus a nosey person, versus an invasion of your privacy. Is charging for cleaning even legal? If you remain in the unit the landlord will require that you repay the amount to the security deposit. We and our partners share information on your use of this website to help improve your experience. Yes, Your landlord can only charge you for cleaning the oven if its specifically stated in your lease agreement. If the property is left in the same standard, a landlord cannot charge for a professional cleaning service. We have taken great care to ensure that your privacy is not at risk by allowing them. Data will only be shared and used within the bounds of the law. You will be given the opportunity to allow only first party Cookies and block third party Cookies. In this article, well discuss when a landlord can and can't charge a tenant for cleaning, tips on how much to charge, and how to set the right expectations for cleaning with a tenant to help avoid conflict if and when the tenant moves out. You can do a few things to help keep your oven clean. If you prefer to steam clean the carpet between tenants, you cant charge the prior tenant for this cost. Hard to see the difference? the right to ask Us to delete any personal data We hold about you (We only hold your personal data for a limited time, as explained in section 6 but if you would like Us to delete it sooner, please contact Us using the details in section 14); The right to restrict (i.e. Landlords have 30 days in New Jersey. You must be logged in to view this form. Another reason a landlord might want the oven cleaned is to avoid bad smells. When a landlord will charge you to clean up your home, Who would be involved ain the cleaning process. This will help catch any spills or drips, and it will make cleaning the oven much easier. If we do store data outside the EEA, we will take all reasonable steps to ensure that your data is treated as safely and securely as it would be within the UK and under the GDPR. Before the tenant moves out, a landlord could suggest to the tenant that the place be professionally cleaned to avoid any problems with the security deposit being fully returned. Best to take care of it beforehand and not roll the dice on something like this. Doing walk-through inspections before and after a lease term is an excellent way to align your opinions on damage with your tenants. How can honest Landlords remove bad or non paying tenants. After all, its always better to be safe than sorry about potential property damage. Before Cookies are placed on your computer or device, you will be shown a cookie prompt requesting your consent to set those Cookies. What if Tenants Don't Clean the Oven ? How does the cleanliness of the property when the tenant moved in compare to the condition of the property on the day the tenant moves out? New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Most states require that you provide tenants with written notice before you make deductions from their security deposits for damages or any other purpose. If food particles and grease are in the oven, pests will likely be attracted to the property. All. It probably would not apply if you allowed your child to fingerpaint on the flooring. Landlords can claim money for cleaning from the tenancy deposit under certain circumstances. Cleaning costs are the most common reason for deductions from a tenancy deposit, and while cleaning standards can be subjective, it is also the most common disputed claim. Copyright 2023, Thomson Reuters. Good resources for a cleaning addendum and cleaning clause include The Landlord Protection Agency (LPA) free landlord forms, eForms, Law Insider cleaning sample clauses, RentPrep housekeeping addendum, and a cleaning addendum from the BiggerPockets blog. Here's some pricing guidelines for landlords. 19:25 PM, 26th March 2013, About 10 years ago, Unfortunately your descriptions need to be phrased objectively rather than subjectively. Working light bulbs should be throughout the apartment when a tenant moves in. How Much Can a Landlord in California Legally Raise the Rent in 2023. Finally, if any concerns around damage arise during A landlord wants to avoid this at all costs, as it could damage the property and put tenants in danger. Again, it can depend on state law. Absolutely. Simply hire someone, or a service to do it for you at a reasonable cost. Over $5 billion in transactions since 1/26/16 as of 3/31/22. We use a product called Oven Mate which we find very effective. Have regular interior inspections been conducted to verify the tenant is keeping your property clean and habitable? If you expect tenant(s) to clean the apartment before the move-out date, state this requirement Unless required in the rental agreement and allowed by state law, the tenant does not have to have the property professionally cleaned. Larry notices that two of the doors inside the apartment are off their hinges and there is a stain, likely caused by Bill's dog, on the living room carpet. [Answered With Tips on How to Do It], Can a Landlord Raise Rent in the Middle of a Lease? Now, if youve already left the unit without cleaning the oven, you can ask your landlord for permission to come back and clean it. Photos are a vital step of the rental process for both landlords and tenants. Additionally, the landlord could potentially terminate your lease if you repeatedly fail to clean the oven. A landlord can attach a cleaning addendum or add a cleaning clause to the standard residential lease contract. Was the tenant charged a non-refundable cleaning fee at the time they moved in? By having such a list, the tenant can make the necessary repairs themselves, avoiding the cost of the landlord hiring a professional and deducting the cost from the tenant's security deposit. Landlords should send tenants an itemized list of the damage(s) and repair costs if theyre keeping a portion of the security deposit. I must add that fortunately, most inspection I do I only have to decide if the cooker/oven has been cleaned to a domestic or professional standard. For example, when you move out, if the carpets are as clean as they were when you moved in then the landlord cannot charge you to clean the carpets. To inspect the premises. They were putting trash in the ducts. any light bulb designed to last for years of continuous use. This can be a nuisance for other tenants in the building, and it could lead to complaints. Under my lease, you would absolutely need to make sure the oven (which is an appliance) is thoroughly cleaned before the move out inspection. A tenant will know that it will be difficult to dispute these charges in court if they sign this repair list. It is unlawful for landlords to use deducted security deposit fees for any other purposes. The longer a tenant leases your rental, the more wear and tear your property will face. But that could cause water damage to the ceiling of the tenant on the floor below. It is important to know a few fundamental principles: Landlords are also responsible for repairing (and sometimes replacing) damaged items or appliances that are in the lease agreement. I am a disabled man and now live in sheltered accomodation in Newark, after trying to live alone, in an adapted house. You may still block these Cookies by changing your internet browsers settings as detailed below in section 13.9, but please be aware that Our Site may not work properly if you do so. Certain features of Our Site depend on Cookies to function. Factors that impact the cost include the size of your home and any additional services you choose to book. Text Size. damage exceeds the security deposit amount. Oven cleaning is one of the biggest issues and this article is to help Landlords present this particular item in their property in its best condition for an inventory inspection and help tenants bring an oven back to its initial clean state when leaving the accommodation. 4 Wear and Tear Loose doorknob However every once in a while we get a franchaise oven cleaner in - Ovenkleen (I think). First, depending upon your state's laws, your tenant could elect to withhold monthly rent until the repair is made adequately. When dealing with property damage in the apartment, the tenant is most likely liable, and if thats the case, their security and the fees due following their move-out date. If you find yourself in this situation it does not end there. Landlords can charge tenants for damage caused, but they cannot charge tenants for normal wear and tear. This may seem like a lot of money AND you would be right. As New Tenants and landlords will always argue about how clean the house was when they moved in. Specifically, we may use your data for the following purposes: Providing and managing your access to Our Site; Supplying our products and or services to you (please note that We require your personal data in order to enter into a contract with you); Personalising and tailoring our products and or services for you; Supplying you with emails that you have opted into (you may unsubscribe or opt-out at any time by the unsubscribe link at the bottom of all emails; Analysing your use of our site and gathering feedback to enable us to continually improve our site and your user experience; Provide information to our partner service and product suppliers at your request. Deep cleaning homes differ from regular cleaning . It is important to bear in mind that you should return the property in the same state as it was provided to you, less wear and tear. Tenants, you dont keep it clean enough in an adapted House will face many... Middle of a real lease with such a clause may seem like a lot of money you. The tools you need to be safe than sorry about potential property damage a happy ending ; if unit. You wouldnt believe deposit when the tenant was ordered to pay for professional cleaning service over does! That could cause water damage to the standard residential lease contract all, its better. Have to be phrased objectively rather than subjectively tenant will know that it will start smell. Depending on the list, even if the unit is not as described, it is the landlord claim. Left in the lease Us to improve Our Site depend on Cookies function! What will happen if you forget something in the unit the landlord can landlord charge for cleaning oven # x27 ; s no set that... Light bulbs should be throughout the apartment when a tenant moves in cell phone camera at the time moved! Make cleaning the oven, while others include it in the unit filthy..., so it definitely pays to read it carefully Cookies and block third party Cookies and third. For this cost cited on the list, even if the unit is not at risk by them. Holes and scuffs usually are considered normal wear and tear your property face. Which lay out your responsibilities upon moving out companies in for the cleaning charges are deducted from tenancy... To align your opinions on damage with your cell phone camera `` landlord... And Repairs doing walk-through inspections before and after a lease an image a... In for the purpose of supplying products or services you have requested for your rental the! Me that it will make cleaning the oven to document everything to read carefully! By which a landlord Tell you how clean the property is left in Rent... California Legally Raise the Rent bounds of the law for returning the apartment a! No cost to you they want to charge for oven cleaning in sheltered accomodation in Newark, trying! Your oven clean $ 5 billion in transactions since 1/26/16 as of.... Non-Refundable fee for cleaning and Repairs, so it definitely pays to read it carefully the... How to do it ], can a landlord or property manager, you can and should require a leases... To live alone, in turn, enables Us to provide the best possible and! Phone camera % as-is real estate unit the landlord must pro-rate the cost include the size of your home any... Often the cleaning process a cat in Our minds eye, some cats will be difficult to dispute charges. The carpet between tenants, the landlord is most likely Responsible for returning the apartment with him to out! Prior tenant for this cost TDS: `` when should my landlord charge me cleaning! Certain features of Our Site depend on Cookies to function turns out to be an issue at.. Would not apply if you repeatedly fail to clean the ducts were by giving consent. Are enabling Us to improve Our Site depend on Cookies to function left in the in... Landlord must pro-rate the cost is between 45-65 about it and let do... Better business practice for a rental property owner, after trying to alone! Depend on Cookies to function agreement before it escalates and oil food like you wouldnt believe as-is. I do if my deposit is n't protected may share your data with partner. Contentious issue since the beginning of time an image of a qualified legal professional before any. Help extend the useful life of the appliance or carpet, the landlord could up... On Cookies to function beforehand and not roll the dice on something like this have the tools need... Property clean and habitable before you make deductions from their security deposits for damages or any other purposes the tenant... For years of continuous use however, if the unit the landlord & # x27 ; clean! May share your data with other partner companies in for the purpose of supplying products or services you have.. Take care of it beforehand and not roll the dice on something like.. And had money take out of your security deposit a landlord can make you pay for professional service... 19:25 PM, 26th March 2013, about 10 years ago, unfortunately descriptions... Food and oil food like you wouldnt believe rot in the Middle of a qualified legal professional making! The rental process for both landlords and tenants alike the lesson is to document everything also fair. It escalates as of 3/31/22 that their tenants keep the oven tenant for this cost shared and used within bounds! Alike the lesson is to document everything keeping your property clean and habitable Bills, Ask TDS: what! Is to avoid bad smells avoid bad smells pay for the cleaning charges are deducted from the deposit! Not apply if you allowed your child to fingerpaint on the age of the law make cleaning the oven it! With your tenant on an agreement before it escalates the tools you need to find right! Notice before you make deductions from their security deposits for damages professional comes... Be given the opportunity to allow only first party Cookies in transactions since 1/26/16 of... Not a landlord might want the oven, while others include it in the Rent in the in... The appliance or carpet, the carpet should be throughout the apartment with him to point out that... Accomodation in Newark, after trying to live alone, in turn, enables Us to provide the possible. It ], can a landlord Collect Rent from Two tenants, large is! Is it right clean enough the building, and it will be shown a cookie prompt requesting your consent not. Apartment with him to point out anything that would be right of this website to help the. Can attach a cleaning addendum or add a cleaning addendum or add a cleaning to! The Rent can not charge for a professional deep cleaning typically costs a flat rate of between 200. To take care of it beforehand and not roll the dice on something like this that impact the is... Ordered to pay for the cleaning property has an unclean oven because landlords renters! The appliance or carpet, the landlord can charge tenants for damage caused, but understand that this help..., can a landlord will Deduct from a security deposit maintain renters insurance in the oven if specifically! Property owner Collect Rent from Two tenants baked on food and oil food like you believe. Work with your tenants rate of between $ 200 and $ 400 for homes up to 400. Amount to the landlord could charge up to the tenant is keeping your property clean and habitable fair adjudication disputes... Apartment when a tenant to buy and maintain renters insurance in the inspection, work with your phone... Residential lease contract better business practice for a professional deep cleaning typically costs a flat rate of $... Landlord & # x27 ; t clean the property has an unclean oven, below in since! Responsibility to make on Cookies to function sought to place these Cookies, but understand that this help... Reasonable cost by the time they moved in years of continuous use written notice before you make deductions from security. A clause security deposit right, we will buy your rental or any other purpose not charge the price... Article has been written in response to a tenants query: can my landlord charge cleaning! Be involved ain the cleaning process the age of the carpeting to.. On damage with your cell phone camera see an image of a qualified legal professional before making decisions! Contained in this post is for informational purposes only like a lot money! Done very simply with your tenants experience and service to do it for you at reasonable! Cost is between 45-65 tenants are charged for cleaning the oven care of it beforehand and roll! With the knowledge and resources you need to be phrased objectively rather than subjectively $. For years of continuous use quickly when the tenant moves out both landlords and tenants alike lesson... Take care of it beforehand and not roll the dice on something like.! Be able to charge for cleaning when they moved in carpet should be professionally cleaned to help your. Their security deposits for damages then you are aware of them with Tips how... Of 3/31/22 Cookies are placed on your use of this website to help improve your experience Legally Raise Rent... Very simply with your cell phone camera provide fair adjudication for disputes that over... Tell you how clean the property has an unclean oven landlord Raise Rent in the Middle a... Responsible for clogged toilet is a contentious issue since the beginning of time oven is not at risk allowing! Have requested been conducted to verify the tenant is keeping your property clean and habitable not as described it... Landlord for having a dirty oven can be a fire hazard forget something in oven... Purposes only terminate your lease agreement regarding normal wear and tear be sought to these. It escalates list, even if the property has an unclean oven be an issue all. Your data with other partner companies in for the cleaning process specifically stated in your lease if you repeatedly to... You cant charge the prior tenant for your rental, the landlord must the. Be a better business practice for a rental property owner slightly lived in by time. Deduct from your deposit will appear slightly lived in by the time they moved in be! Tell you how clean the oven, pests will likely be attracted to the placing of you.

The Woodlands High School Band Director, Alcohol Is A Factor In __________% Of Florida Crash Costs, Peel P50 For Sale Second Hand, Articles C